If you live in a dry climate, a new study suggests your environment could be playing a role in your eye health. Researchers recently looked at how different climate factors—like humidity, sunlight, temperature, and wind—relate to the prevalence of keratoconus. Their findings, published in Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, point to one key environmental factor: low humidity.

What Did the Study Find?

After analyzing data from previous keratoconus studies around the world, researchers found that areas with low relative humidity were more likely to report higher rates of keratoconus. On the other hand, other climate factors—like daily temperature, UV exposure, and wind—were not found to have a significant association once humidity was taken into account.

While the idea that UV light might contribute to keratoconus has been explored in the past, this study suggests that dry air may be a more important factor than previously recognized.

Why Might Dry Air Be a Concern?

The cornea needs moisture to stay healthy. When the air is very dry, the eye’s tear film can evaporate more quickly, leading to irritation or inflammation. This can trigger behaviors like eye rubbing, which is a well-known risk factor for keratoconus progression.

Additionally, the researchers noted that places at high altitudes tend to have both low humidity and higher rates of keratoconus—suggesting that dryness, not just sunlight or UV exposure, may be part of the reason.

What Can You Do to Protect Your Eyes?

If you live in a dry area or spend a lot of time in environments with low humidity (like heated indoor spaces or airplanes), here are some simple ways to support your eye health:

• Use a humidifier in your home or office
• Apply preservative-free artificial tears throughout the day
• Avoid rubbing your eyes—especially when they feel dry or itchy
• Talk to your eye doctor if you have frequent irritation, changing vision, or a family history of keratoconus

Why This Matters

This study is one of the first to highlight low humidity as a potentially modifiable risk factor for keratoconus. That means it’s something we might be able to address—with better awareness, proactive care, and simple lifestyle changes.

Reference:
Shabani H, et al. Climate Determinants of Keratoconus: Insights From a Systematic Review of Prevalence. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. 2024;65(3):3. Read the full study